Canada, one of the most diverse countries on Earth, has a unique abundance of natural landscapes, mineral resources, wetland and forest systems as well as the largest freshwater resources in the planet. However, Canada is quite concentrated concerning anthropogenic activity, with certain regions in Northern Canada, for example, remaining largely uninhabited. While governance is increasingly investing in the peripheral regions of the country, population concentration is still predominant in the regions where climatic conditions are suitable for anthropogenic activity. The massive increase in population dynamics and the resulting patterns in the rapid urban expansion have been linked directly to the growing Canadian economy, leading to new migration patterns, and economic growth around the major metropolitan areas of Canada. Planning and offering diversity of ecosystems and land use types is, here as in many other countries, paramount to increase sustainable development, health and well-being.  It is also important to efficiently explore available resources without jeopardizing the carrying capacity of regions, while offering a sound understanding of land use change simulation to avoid the negative consequences of regional urban sprawl.